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:: Overview :: Precautions :: Side Effects :: Further Reading Search results last updated: 5/11/2009

Generic & Brand Name : Source: (RXList)

Brand Name : Bactrim
Generic Name : Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole

Overview (Source: MedicineNet)
Cotrimoxazole is a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in a ratio of 5:1 or 1:2. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole both block the production of folic acid, a necessary chemical for both bacteria and humans, and each is an effective antibiotic when used alone. For more information on the individual drugs, please visit their respective sites in the Pharmacy section. Cotrimoxazole was approved by the FDA in 1973. ...
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Precautions (Source: RXList)
FATALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF SULFONAMIDES, ALTHOUGH RARE, HAVE OCCURRED DUE TO SEVERE REACTIONS, INCLUDING STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, FULMINANT HEPATIC NECROSIS, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, APLASTIC ANEMIA AND OTHER BLOOD DYSCRASIAS. SULFONAMIDES, INCLUDING SULFONAMIDE-CONTAINING PRODUCTS SUCH AS SULFAMETHOXAZOLE/TRIMETHOPRIM, SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED AT THE FIRST APPEARANCE OF SKIN RASH OR ANY SIGN OF ADVERSE REACTION. In rare instances, a skin rash may be followed by a more severe reaction, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, hepatic necrosis, and serious blood disorders (see PRECAUTIONS). Clinical signs, such as rash, sore throat, fever, arthralgia , pallor, purpura or jaundice may be early indications of serious reactions. Cough, shortness of breath, and pulmonary infiltrates are hypersensitivity reactions of the respiratory tract that have been reported in association with sulfonamide treatment. The sulfonamides should not be used for treatment of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infections. In an established infection, they will not eradicate the streptococcus and, therefore, will not prevent sequelae such as rheumatic fever . Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Bactrim, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis . Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowt ...
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Side Effects (Source: RXList)
The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, anorexia ) and allergic skin reactions (such as rash and urticaria ). FATALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF SULFONAMIDES , ALTHOUGH RARE, HAVE OCCURRED DUE TO SEVERE REACTIONS, INCLUDING STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME , TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, FULMINANT HEPATIC NECROSIS, AGRANULOCYTOSIS , APLASTIC ANEMIA AND OTHER BLOOD DYSCRASIAS (SEE WARNINGS SECTION). Hematologic : Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia , thrombocytopenia, leukopenia , neutropenia , hemolytic anemia , megaloblastic anemia, hypoprothrombinemia, methemoglobinemia , eosinophilia . Allergic Reactions : Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis , allergic myocarditis , erythema multiforme , exfoliative dermatitis, angioedema , drug fever, chills, Henoch-Schoenlein purpura, serum sickness-like syndrome, generalized allergic reactions, generalized skin eruptions, photosensitivity, conjunctival and scleral injection, pruritus , urticaria and rash. In addition, periarteritis nodosa and systemic lupus erythematosus have been reported. Gastrointestinal : Hepatitis (including cholestatic jaundice and hepatic necrosis), elevation of serum transaminase and bilirubin , pseudomembranous enterocolitis, pancreatitis , stomatitis, glossitis , nausea, emesis , abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia. Genitourinary : Renal failure, interstitial nephritis, BUN and serum creatinine elevation, toxic nephrosis with oliguria a ...
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Further Reading on bactrim
  • Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) - Topic Overview ( WebMD )
    What is vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR )? Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR ) is the backward flow of urine from the bladder into the kidneys ...antibiotics, such as a sulfonamide (for example, Bactrim or Septra), are...
  • HIV/AIDS ( WebMD )
    HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus ) infection is the cause of AIDS , acquired immunodeficiency ...Diflucan) to treat yeast infections, and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole ( Bactrim , Septra) to treat...
  • Reticulocyte Count ( WebMD )
    A reticulocyte count is a blood test that measures how rapidly immature red blood cells called ...Getting radiation therapy. Taking sulfonamide antibiotics (such as Bactrim or Septra). Being pregnant.
  • Sinus Infection ( WebMD )
    Sinus infection, or sinusitis, is an inflammation of the sinuses and nasal passages...sulfur-containing antibiotic called trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or TMP/SMX (such as Bactrim , Cotrim, Septra). This...

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